Glossary

The Indian Travel Agency Dictionary

35 essential terms every Indian travel agent should know — GST billing, invoicing, PNR parsing, ledger management, and compliance. Each term links to a detailed guide.

Base Fare

The airline-published ticket price before airport taxes, surcharges, and GST — the only component subject to GST under the Principal model.

Read more in: How to Calculate GST on Air Tickets

Airport Taxes

Government levies (YQ, YR, PSF, UDF) added to the base fare. Passed through at cost and not subject to GST.

Read more in: How to Calculate GST on Air Tickets

B2B Invoice

A tax document issued to a business customer with a valid GSTIN, reported individually in GSTR-1 Table 4A.

Read more in: GSTR-1 & GSTR-3B Automation

B2B Quote

A vendor proposal from a DMC or wholesaler listing services, net rates, and package components for the agent to resell with markup.

Read more in: B2B Quote to Itinerary

B2C Invoice

A tax document for individual consumers without GSTIN, reported as aggregated totals by tax rate in GSTR-1 Table 7.

Read more in: GSTR-1 & GSTR-3B Automation

Booking Class

A single-letter fare category (Y, S, V, etc.) indicating cabin level (Economy, Business, First) and fare rules of a flight seat.

Read more in: PNR Parser Guide

Cancellation Note (E1)

A GST-compliant document reversing the original invoice amount minus cancellation charges when a booking is cancelled.

Read more in: Travel Agency Ledger Guide

Carry-Forward Balance

An amount from a previous transaction (overpayment, cancellation refund, off-platform adjustment) that rolls into a future booking, linked to the Original Invoice.

Read more in: Hidden Markups & Dual Invoicing

Credit Note

A GST-compliant document reversing or reducing tax liability from a previous invoice, required under Section 34 of the CGST Act.

Read more in: GSTR-1 & GSTR-3B Automation

Customer Advance

A prepayment received before a booking is confirmed, credited to the customer's advance ledger for application to future trips.

Read more in: Travel Agency Ledger Guide

Customer Advance Ledger

A per-customer account tracking all credits (deposits, refunds) and debits (booking applications) with a running balance using FIFO auto-application.

Read more in: Travel Agency Ledger Guide

DMC (Destination Management Company)

A B2B wholesale travel company packaging local hotel, transport, and sightseeing services at net rates for agents to resell.

Read more in: B2B Quote to Itinerary

Dual Invoicing

Generating a customer-facing tax invoice and a private internal margin sheet simultaneously — customer sees selling price, agency sees vendor costs and profit.

Read more in: Dual Invoicing Guide

FIFO (First-In-First-Out)

An accounting principle where the oldest advance or credit is applied first to new bookings, ensuring consistent and auditable balance application.

Read more in: Travel Agency Ledger Guide

GDS (Global Distribution System)

A centralized network (Amadeus, Sabre, Galileo) used by travel agents to search, book, and manage airline reservations globally.

Read more in: PNR Parser Guide

GDS Consolidator

A third-party provider supplying discounted air tickets at net rates to travel agents for resale under the Principal billing model.

Read more in: How to Calculate GST on Air Tickets

Generic PNR Parser

An AI-powered system that extracts flight information from free-form text, emails, WhatsApp messages, or images — beyond structured GDS formats.

Read more in: PNR Parser Guide

GSTR-1

The monthly/quarterly outward supply return detailing every invoice with customer GSTIN, HSN/SAC codes, and tax breakdowns.

Read more in: GSTR-1 & GSTR-3B Automation

GSTR-3B

The monthly summary GST return showing aggregate outward supplies, input tax credits claimed, and net tax liability payable.

Read more in: GSTR-1 & GSTR-3B Automation

Hidden Markup

The profit margin added above the vendor net rate that is not visible to the customer, tracked on the Internal EXT Invoice.

Read more in: Hidden Markups & Dual Invoicing

HSN/SAC Code

A government-mandated classification code for goods (HSN) or services (SAC) required on every GST invoice — e.g., 996411 (flights), 996311 (hotels), 996422 (cabs).

Read more in: GSTR-1 & GSTR-3B Automation

IATA Code

A standardized identifier for airlines (2-letter, e.g., AI = Air India) or airports (3-letter, e.g., DEL = Delhi).

Read more in: PNR Parser Guide

Input Tax Credit (ITC)

GST paid to vendors that can be deducted from output GST liability under the Principal model. Not available under the 5% tour package scheme.

Read more in: GSTR-1 & GSTR-3B Automation

Internal EXT Invoice

An internal document tracking actual vendor cost, hidden markup, and net profit per booking. Not shared with customers or reported in GSTR-1.

Read more in: Dual Invoicing Guide

Net Rate

The wholesale price at which a vendor sells services to a travel agent, before markup or service fee is added.

Read more in: How to Calculate GST on Air Tickets

Off-Platform Settlement

A payment settled outside standard banking flow — via personal UPI, contra-entry, or cash adjustment — tracked internally without affecting the GST invoice.

Read more in: Hidden Markups & Dual Invoicing

Place of Supply

The jurisdiction determining CGST+SGST (intra-state) vs IGST (inter-state) split, derived from customer GSTIN or agency location for B2C.

Read more in: GSTR-1 & GSTR-3B Automation

PNR (Passenger Name Record)

A coded data record in GDS systems containing flight segments, passenger names, booking classes, and reservation status.

Read more in: PNR Parser Guide

Principal Model (@18%)

Agent is treated as buying and reselling the service. GST @18% on full selling price. ITC available on vendor purchases.

Read more in: Dual Invoicing Guide

Principal Model (@5%)

Concessional scheme for tour operators selling bundled packages. GST @5% on full package value. No ITC available.

Read more in: Dual Invoicing Guide

Processing Fee

A transparent charge for quote preparation and booking services, subject to GST under the Pure Agent billing model.

Read more in: B2B Quote to Itinerary

Pure Agent Model

Agent passes vendor costs as reimbursements and charges GST only on the service fee. Lower GST liability since reimbursements are excluded from turnover.

Read more in: Dual Invoicing Guide

Smart Receivables

A payment monitoring system tracking booking status and triggering automated WhatsApp/email reminders for overdue or partial payments.

Read more in: Travel Agency Ledger Guide

Tax Collected at Source (TCS)

A 5% tax under Section 206C(1G) of the Income Tax Act, applicable to international tour packages exceeding ₹7 lakh annually under LRS.

Read more in: How to Calculate GST on Air Tickets

Vendor Net Cost

The actual amount paid to the vendor for services, before any margin, markup, or processing fee is added by the agent.

Read more in: Hidden Markups & Dual Invoicing

These terms are explained in detail across our 7 travel agency guides. Each guide covers real scenarios with formulas, examples, and how MoonTrip automates the process.